Interventions for valvular disease and heart failure

Impact of early changes in cardiac damage following transcatheter aortic valve implantation

EuroIntervention 2023;19:267-276. DOI: 10.4244/EIJ-D-22-00817

Yaoyao Zhou
Yaoyao Zhou1,2, MD; Qifeng Zhu1, MD; Xinping Lin1, MD; Huajun Li1, MD; Zhaoxia Pu1, MD; Xianbao Liu1, MD, PhD; Jian'an Wang1, MD, PhD
1. Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2. Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China

Background: The staging classification of aortic stenosis (AS) which characterises the extent of cardiac damage has been validated in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Short-term changes in cardiac damage after TAVI and their association with long-term prognosis remain unknown.

Aims: This study aims to investigate the early evolution of cardiac damage after TAVI and the association of residual cardiac damage with clinical outcomes in TAVI recipients.

Methods: AS patients undergoing TAVI were consecutively enrolled and classified into five stages of cardiac damage (0-4). Early change in cardiac damage was defined as any change of stage at 30 days (Δcardiac damage between baseline pre-TAVI and 30 days post-TAVI).

Results: Within 30 days post-TAVI, the baseline cardiac damage stage had changed in 22.2% of 644 TAVI recipients, accompanied by improvements in the degree of dyspnoea and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Two-year mortality was associated with residual cardiac damage within 30 days post-TAVI (hazard ratio [HR] 2.97, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.07-4.25; p<0.001). Compared to unchanged cardiac damage post-TAVI, further cardiac damage within 30 days was associated with a higher crude risk of 2-year mortality (HR 22.04, 95% CI: 9.87-49.20; p<0.001). Cardiac deterioration within 30 days post-TAVI was an independent risk factor for 2-year mortality (HR 19.564, 95% CI: 8.047-47.565; p<0.001).

Conclusions: This investigation provided insight into the early evolution of cardiac damage in TAVI recipients and confirmed the predictive value of both residual and early changes in cardiac damage post-TAVI. Cardiac deterioration within 30 days is associated with poor clinical prognosis.

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aortic stenosistavitransthoracic echocardiogram
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