Ryan D. Madder1, MD; Stacie VanOosterhout1, MEd; Abbey Mulder1, AGPC-NP; Jared Bush1, BS; Samuel Martin1, MHA; Adam Rash1, RCIS; Jose Mariano Tan II1, MD, MBA; Jessica Parker1, MS; Yao Li2, MS; Nicholas Kottenstette2, PhD; Per Bergman2, MS; Brent Nowak3, PhD
1. Frederik Meijer Heart & Vascular Institute, Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; 2. Corindus Vascular Robotics, Waltham, MA, USA; 3. Department of Engineering, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
Introduction
Significant geographic barriers limit timely access to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in many regions of the world. One proposed means to increase PCI access is telestenting, defined as the performance of PCI using a combination of robotics and telecommunications by an operator in a separate geographic location from the patient1. In the present study, the feasibility of long-distance telestenting was tested sequentially in ex vivo and in vivo models.
Methods
The ex vivo telestenting model utilised an endovascular simulator (ANGIO Mentor™; Simbionix, Littleton, CO, USA) into which guide catheters, guidewires and balloon catheters were ...