1. Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; 2. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Center Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
Aims: The aims of the study were to evaluate balloon post-dilation (BPD) and valve-in-valve (ViV) implantation for the reduction of paravalvular leakage (PVL) in patients undergoing trans